CLASS XII CHAPTER 1 (G) GUARANTEE OF PROFIT
Guarantee of Profit to a Partner
Accounting Treatment and Deficiency Adjustments
1. The Concept of Guarantee
A Guarantee of Profit is a provision in the partnership deed where a partner is assured a minimum amount of profit, irrespective of their actual share as per the Profit Sharing Ratio (PSR). If the actual share is less than the guaranteed amount, the difference—known as the Deficiency—is borne by the other partners.
2. Type I: Guarantee by the Firm
In this case, the guarantee is provided by all the remaining partners. If the deed is silent about the ratio of bearing the deficiency, the remaining partners bear it in their existing profit-sharing ratio.
Question: A, B, and C are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 5:4:1. C is given a guarantee of a minimum profit of ₹40,000. The net profit for the year is ₹3,00,000. Prepare the distribution.
Calculation Steps:
- Step 1: Calculate Actual Shares:
A = 3,00,000 × 5/10 = ₹1,50,000
B = 3,00,000 × 4/10 = ₹1,20,000
C = 3,00,000 × 1/10 = ₹30,000 - Step 2: Find Deficiency:
C is guaranteed ₹40,000 but gets only ₹30,000.
Deficiency = 40,000 - 30,000 = ₹10,000. - Step 3: Allocate Deficiency:
Remaining partners A and B bear this in 5:4 ratio.
A's Share = 10,000 × 5/9 = ₹5,556
B's Share = 10,000 × 4/9 = ₹4,444
Profit & Loss Appropriation Account
(Case: Firm Guarantee to Partner C)
A's Capital A/c:
Actual Share: 1,50,000 Less: Deficiency to C (5/9): (5,556)
B's Capital A/c:
Actual Share: 1,20,000 Less: Deficiency to C (4/9): (4,444)
C's Capital A/c:
Actual Share: 30,000 Add: Deficiency from A & B: 10,000
(Net Profit for the year)
Question: X, Y, and Z share profits as 2:2:1. Z is guaranteed ₹50,000. Any deficiency is to be borne by X and Y in the ratio of 3:2. Net Profit is ₹2,00,000.
Calculation Steps:
- Actual Shares: X = ₹80,000; Y = ₹80,000; Z = ₹40,000.
- Deficiency of Z: ₹50,000 - ₹40,000 = ₹10,000.
- Adjustment:
X bears (10,000 × 3/5) = ₹6,000
Y bears (10,000 × 2/5) = ₹4,000 - Final Profits: X = ₹74,000; Y = ₹76,000; Z = ₹50,000.
Profit & Loss Appropriation Account
(Case: X, Y, and Z | Deficiency borne by X & Y in 3:2)
X's Capital A/c:
Actual Share (2,00,000 × 2/5): 80,000 Less: Share of Deficiency to Z (3/5): (6,000)
Y's Capital A/c:
Actual Share (2,00,000 × 2/5): 80,000 Less: Share of Deficiency to Z (2/5): (4,000)
Z's Capital A/c:
Actual Share (2,00,000 × 1/5): 40,000 Add: Deficiency from X & Y: 10,000
(Net Profit for the year)
3. Type II: Guarantee by Individual Partner(s)
Under this arrangement, only one specific partner (or a group of partners) takes the responsibility of meeting the deficiency. The partners who did not participate in the guarantee remain unaffected.
Question: P, Q, and R are partners in the ratio 3:2:1. R is guaranteed a minimum profit of ₹30,000 personally by P. Net Profit for the year is ₹1,20,000.
Calculation Steps:
- Step 1: Actual Shares:
P = 1,20,000 × 3/6 = ₹60,000
Q = 1,20,000 × 2/6 = ₹40,000
R = 1,20,000 × 1/6 = ₹20,000 - Step 2: Deficiency: ₹30,000 - ₹20,000 = ₹10,000.
- Step 3: Adjustment: Since only P gave the guarantee, the entire ₹10,000 is deducted from P's share. Q's profit remains ₹40,000.
- Final Result: P = ₹50,000; Q = ₹40,000; R = ₹30,000.
Profit & Loss Appropriation Account
(Case: Personal Guarantee by P to R)
P's Capital A/c:
Actual Share (1,20,000 × 3/6): 60,000 Less: Deficiency of R (Personal Guarantee): (10,000)
Q's Capital A/c:
Actual Share (1,20,000 × 2/6):
R's Capital A/c:
Actual Share (1,20,000 × 1/6): 20,000 Add: From P (Deficiency Recovered): 10,000
(Net Profit for the year)
Question: A and B share profits in 3:2. They admit C for 1/6th share with a guarantee of ₹20,000. The firm suffered a loss of ₹1,20,000 for the year.
Calculation Steps:
- Actual Loss Share: C's share of loss = 1,20,000 × 1/6 = ₹20,000 (Debit).
- Total Deficiency: C was promised a profit of ₹20,000 but has a loss of ₹20,000. To bring him from -20,000 to +20,000, the total deficiency is ₹40,000.
- Adjustment: Borne by A and B in 3:2 ratio.
A = 40,000 × 3/5 = ₹24,000 extra loss.
B = 40,000 × 2/5 = ₹16,000 extra loss.
Profit & Loss Appropriation Account
(Case: Loss Year with Guarantee to Partner C)
(Net Loss for the year)
To C's Capital A/c
(Guaranteed Minimum Profit)
A's Capital A/c:
Share of Firm Loss (1,00,000 × 3/5): 60,000 Add: Share of Deficiency to C: 24,000
B's Capital A/c:
Share of Firm Loss (1,00,000 × 2/5): 40,000 Add: Share of Deficiency to C: 16,000
🚩 Teacher's Warning: The "Actual Share" Rule
If the Actual Share of the guaranteed partner is higher than the guaranteed minimum, then the actual share is distributed. The guarantee only acts as a safety net; it does not limit the partner's profit if they earn more than the guaranteed amount.
Advanced Numerical: The Double Guarantee Challenge
Question: A, B, and C are partners (3:2:1). Partner A guaranteed a gross fee of ₹80,000 for the firm (Actual: ₹50,000). Partner C is guaranteed a minimum profit of ₹60,000 by the firm. Net Profit: ₹2,20,000.
Profit & Loss Appropriation Account
(For the year ended 31st March, 2026)
A's Capital A/c:
Initial Share (2,50,000 × 3/6): 1,25,000 Less: Deficiency of C (18,333 × 3/5): (11,000)
B's Capital A/c:
Initial Share (2,50,000 × 2/6): 83,333 Less: Deficiency of C (18,333 × 2/5): (7,333)
C's Capital A/c:
Initial Share (2,50,000 × 1/6): 41,667 Add: Deficiency from A & B: 18,333
By A's Capital A/c
(Deficiency in Guaranteed Fee)
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